Maxillofacial surgery and craniofacial surgery are closely related surgical specialties, but they have key differences in scope, training, and areas of focus. Maxillofacial Surgery: Also called Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS). A surgical specialty that deals with diseases, injuries, and defects involving the mouth, jaws, face, and neck. It bridges dentistry and surgery. Craniofacial Surgery: